The Role of Electronic-Based Government System (SPBE) in Indonesia's Digital Government Era

Abstract

The Electronic-Based Government System (SPBE) has emerged as a central pillar in Indonesia's digital transformation agenda, serving as a framework to improve transparency, efficiency, and accountability in public administration. This study employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach to synthesize findings from existing research on SPBE implementation, its challenges, and its impact on governance. Using 50 of the most relevant publications sourced from academic databases and the Consensus research platform, the study identifies key progress areas and persistent barriers. The findings reveal that SPBE contributes significantly to administrative efficiency, public service innovation, and citizen engagement. However, implementation disparities, cybersecurity vulnerabilities, and digital literacy gaps continue to hinder its full realization. This paper highlights the need for inclusive policy refinement, capacity building, and collaborative governance to sustain Indonesia's digital government transformation